Prior results

Prior figures, checked in the original publications except those marked as secondary citations, which are taken from another work. Read them next to this site's counts.

• Venetian Senate patents: 5 ad hoc privileges before 1474 (Mandich 1936), 43 in 1474–1500, 126 in 1501–1550, 471 in 1551–1600. — Comino, Galasso & Graziano (2017), NBER WP 24118, p. 7.
• Kostylo (2010), citing Berveglieri 1995 (pp. 21–22), gives 33, 116 and 461 grants by the Senate alone for the same periods. Each is exactly 10 below the figures above; this site has not settled which is right. — Kostylo, J. (2010), 'From gunpowder to print', in Deazley, Kretschmer & Bently (eds.), Privilege and Property, Open Book Publishers, n. 5.
• 2,130 patents granted by the Senate (Terra), 1474–1788. — Berveglieri, R. (2020), «Ingegnosi artificij», vol. 1, Cierre, preface.
• 6.5% of the 169 patents of 1474–1550 went to foreign (non-Italian) inventors. — Comino, Galasso & Graziano (2017), pp. 21–22.
• 55 grants 1561–1603: 21 to aliens, 30 to natives, 4 for regulating trade. — Hulme (1900), LQR 16, p. 52.
• 2,240 patents in 1660–1799 (secondary citation). — MacLeod, C. (1988), Inventing the Industrial Revolution, CUP, Table 9.1, p. 160 (as quoted by Nuvolari, Tartari & Tranchero 2021).
• 13,070 English patents granted in 1700–1850. — Nuvolari, A., Tartari, V. & Tranchero, M. (2021), 'Patterns of innovation during the Industrial Revolution', Explorations in Economic History 82; LEM WP 2020/23, p. 2.
• 952 Dutch patent applications 1515–1797 (23 under Charles V and Philip II, 574 States General, 355 provincial States; secondary citation). — Doorman, G. (1940), Octrooien voor uitvindingen in de Nederlanden, as summarized in the review in Maandblad Oud-Utrecht, Sept. 1941.
• 254 Venetian printing privileges 1492–1526, 79 of them (about 30%) to authors. — Kostylo (2010), nn. 17–19, from Fulin (1882).