Physical Constants Metrics
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N_A · Avogadro constant

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Takeaway
  • The relative standard uncertainty fell by a factor of about 541 from the 1969 to the 2014 edition (6.6×10⁻⁶ → 1.2×10⁻⁸): the error bars narrowed that much.
  • Of 8 earlier editions with a measured value, 6 have the 2022 value outside ±1σ (the error bar) and 3 outside ±2σ (the bar doubled); the normal expectation is about 1 in 3 and 1 in 22. The 2022 value is exact.
  • The largest move between editions came in 1973→1986, at 2.9 times the combined standard uncertainty of the two editions (|z| = 2.9).
  • Exact from the 2018 edition (fixed by definition rather than measured), so its uncertainty is zero.
Unit
mol⁻¹
Note
Tied to h through the molar Planck constant before 2019. Exact from the 2018 edition.
M1
Half-life (years): 5.21 (4.40–6.39)
Value ±1σ by edition2022
−10⁻⁴−10⁻⁵−10⁻⁶−10⁻⁷0+10⁻⁷+10⁻⁶+10⁻⁵+10⁻⁴1969197319861998200220062010201420182022
Relative deviation from the 2022 value (symmetric-log axis). Open circles: the error bar does not reach the 2022 value. Squares: exact.
Editionyear of the recommended values (data cut-off)As printedexactly as in the source table; digits in parentheses are the standard uncertainty in the last digitsStandard uncertaintyhalf-width of the error bar (±1σ)Relative standard uncertaintystandard uncertainty ÷ |value|: bar width relative to the valueExactfixed by definition, uncertainty zeroz vs previous editionmove from the previous edition ÷ combined standard uncertainty of the twoz vs 2022(2022 value − this value) ÷ this edition's standard uncertaintySource locationpage and table of the paper, or file and line of NIST's table
19696.022169(40) e234.0×10¹⁸6.6×10⁻⁶−0.7060477 table XXXII
19736.022045(31) e233.1×10¹⁸5.1×10⁻⁶−2.45033.0890718 table 33.1
19866.0221367(36) e233.6×10¹⁷6.0×10⁻⁷2.93831.1278codata86 p.11 table 2
19986.022 141 99(47) e234.7×10¹⁶7.8×10⁻⁸1.4571−2.61701998 ASCII:51
20026.022 1415(10) e231.0×10¹⁷1.7×10⁻⁷−0.4435−0.74002002 ASCII:51
20066.022 141 79(30) e233.0×10¹⁶5.0×10⁻⁸0.2778−3.43332006 ASCII:51
20106.022 141 29 e232.7×10¹⁶4.5×10⁻⁸−1.2388−1.96302010 ASCII:53
20146.022 140 857 e237.4×10¹⁵1.2×10⁻⁸−1.5467−1.31082014 ASCII:53
20186.022 140 76 e23yes2018 ASCII:54
20226.022 140 76 e23yes2022 ASCII:55